Hybrid Optimization Based on Spectrum Aware Opportunistic Routing for Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Networks

Opportunistic routing has increased the efficiency and reliability of Cognitive Radio Ad-Hoc Networks (CRAHN). Many researchers have developed opportunistic models, among them Spectrum Map-empowered Routing (SMOR) model, which is considered a more efficient model in this field. However, there are certain limitations SMOR, require attention resolution. The issue delay degradation packet delivery ratio due to non-consideration network bandwidth throughput addressed paper. In order resolve these issues, hybrid optimization algorithm comprising firefly grey wolf algorithms used basic SMOR model. Thus, Hybrid Firefly Grey-Wolf Optimization-based (HFGWOSMOR) improves performance by high local as well global search optimization. Initially, relationship between analyzed then cooperative multipath communication established. proposed also computes energy values received signals within threshold time; hence, issues found resolved. To evaluate its efficiency, compared with other existing show that HFGWOSMOR performs better than models.